Which document implements Section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act (AECA) for commercial exports?

The International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) is the correct answer because it specifically governs the export and temporary import of defense articles and services covered by the Arms Export Control Act (AECA). ITAR implements the provisions of Section 38 of the AECA, which requires proper authorization for the export of defense-related items. The regulations ensure that such exports align with U.S. national security and foreign policy interests.

Under ITAR, defense articles and services include various items, such as military weapons, ammunition, and defense-related technology. This regulatory framework is crucial for maintaining control over sensitive military-related exports and safeguarding national security. Companies involved in exporting these items must adhere to ITAR regulations, including obtaining the necessary licenses and ensuring compliance with various reporting requirements.

In contrast, the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) primarily cover dual-use items—goods and technologies that can serve both military and civilian applications. The Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) pertains to procurement regulations for defense contracts but does not specifically implement Section 38 of the AECA. The Foreign Military Sales Agreement (FMSA) outlines the terms for selling defense articles to foreign countries but does not function as a regulatory document like ITAR. Therefore, ITAR is the correct choice for